Java教程

Java从单链列表的末尾删除节点

在此程序中,我们将创建单链列表并从列表的末尾删除节点。为了完成此任务,我们首先找出列表的倒数第二个节点。然后,将倒数第二个节点作为列表的新尾部。然后,删除列表的最后一个节点。 linked-list.png" alt ="Java程序,用于从单链列表的末尾删除节点。">
在上面的示例中,Node是列表的尾部。遍历列表以找出倒数第二个节点,在本例中为节点4。使节点4为列表的尾部。节点4的下一个将指向null。

算法

创建一个具有两个属性的类Node: data和next。下一个是指向列表中下一个节点的指针。 创建另一个具有两个属性的head和tail的DeleteEnd类。 addNode()将一个新节点添加到列表中:
    创建一个新节点。 首先检查head是否等于null,这意味着列表为空。 如果列表为空,头和尾都将指向新添加的节点。 如果列表不为空,则新节点将被添加到列表的末尾,以使尾部的下一个指向新添加的节点。这个新节点将成为列表的新尾巴。
a.DeleteFromEnd()将从列表末尾删除一个节点:
首先检查标头是否为空(空列表),然后显示消息"列表为空"并返回。 如果列表不为空,它将检查列表是否只有一个节点。 如果列表中只有一个节点,则会将head和tail都设置为null。 如果列表中有多个节点,请遍历列表,直到节点当前指向列表中的倒数第二个节点。 当前节点将成为列表的新尾巴。 当前节点旁边的节点将被设为空,以删除最后一个节点。
a.display()将显示列表中存在的节点:
定义一个当前将首先指向列表开头的节点。 遍历列表,直到当前指向null为止。 在每次迭代中通过使电流指向其旁边的节点来显示每个节点。

程序:

public class DeleteEnd {
    //Represent a node of the singly linked list
    class Node{
        int data;
        Node next;
        public Node(int data) {
            this.data = data;
            this.next = null;
        }
    }
    //Represent the head and tail of the singly linked list
    public Node head = null;
    public Node tail = null;
    //addNode() will add a new node to the list
    public void addNode(int data) {
        //Create a new node
        Node newNode = new Node(data);
        //Checks if the list is empty
        if(head == null) {
            //if list is empty, both head and tail will point to new node
            head = newNode;
            tail = newNode;
        }
        else {
            //newNode will be added after tail such that tails next will point to newNode
            tail.next = newNode;
            //newNode will become new tail of the list
            tail = newNode;
        }
    }
    //deleteFromEnd() will delete a node from end of the list
    public void deleteFromEnd() {
        //Checks if the list is empty
        if(head == null) {
            System.out.println("List is empty");
            return;
        }
        else {
            //Checks whether the list contains only one element
            if(head != tail ) {
                Node current = head;
                //Loop through the list till the second last element such that current.next is pointing to tail
                while(current.next != tail) {
                    current = current.next;
                }
                //Second last element will become new tail of the list
                tail = current;
                tail.next = null;
            }
            //if the list contains only one element
            //Then it will remove it and both head and tail will point to null
            else {
                head = tail = null;
            }
        }
    }
    //display() will display all the nodes present in the list
    public void display() {
        //Node current will point to head
        Node current = head;
        if(head == null) {
            System.out.println("List is empty");
            return;
        }
        while(current != null) {
            //Prints each node by incrementing pointer
            System.out.print(current.data + " ");
            current = current.next;
        }
        System.out.println();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DeleteEnd sList = new DeleteEnd();
        //Adds data to the list
        sList.addNode(1);
        sList.addNode(2);
        sList.addNode(3);
        sList.addNode(4);
        //Printing original list
        System.out.println("Original List: ");
        sList.display();
        while(sList.head != null) {
            sList.deleteFromEnd();
            //Printing updated list
            System.out.println("Updated List: ");
            sList.display();
        }
    }
}
输出:
Original List:
1 2 3 4
Updated List:
1 2 3
Updated List:
1 2
Updated List:
1
Updated List:
List is empty
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