Java教程

Java按N个节点旋转双向链表

在此程序中,我们需要创建一个双向链接列表并将其旋转n个节点。这可以通过维护从头节点开始并遍历列表直到当前指针指向第n个节点的指针来实现。将列表从头移到第n个节点,并将其放在尾部之后。现在,第n个节点将成为列表的尾部,第n个节点旁边的节点将成为新的头。在这里,n应该始终大于0但小于列表的大小。
原始列表:
Java程序,将双向链接列表旋转N个节点
将列表旋转3个后的列表节点:
将Java程序将双向链表旋转N个节点
在上面的示例中,我们需要将链表旋转3个节点。首先,我们遍历列表,直到当前指向第三个节点,在本例中为第3个节点。将列表从节点1移到3,并将其放置在尾部之后。现在,节点4将是新的头,节点3将是新的头。

算法

定义一个代表列表中节点的Node类。它具有三个属性: 数据,前一个将指向上一个节点,下一个将指向下一个节点。 定义另一个用于创建双向链表的类,它有两个节点: head和tail。最初,头和尾将指向null。 addNode()将节点添加到列表中: 首先检查head是否为空,然后将节点插入为head。 头部和尾部都将指向新添加的节点。 头的上一个指针将指向空,而头的下一个指针将指向空。 如果head不为null,则新节点将插入到列表的末尾,以使新节点的前一个指针指向尾。 新节点将成为新尾巴。尾巴的下一个指针将指向null。
a.rotationList()将列表旋转给定的n个节点。
首先,检查n是否为0或大于或等于列表中存在的许多节点。 如果是,请按原样打印列表。 如果否,则定义一个节点电流,该电流将指向头部。 遍历列表,直到电流到达第n个节点。 尾巴的下一个将指向头节点。 使当前节点旁边的节点成为新节点。 Head的前一个将指向null。 当前节点将成为列表的尾部。尾巴的下一个将指向null。
a.display()将显示列表中存在的所有节点。
定义一个新节点"当前",该节点将指向头部。 打印current.data直到current指向null。 当前每次迭代将指向列表中的下一个节点。

程序:

public class RotateList {
    //Represent a node of the doubly linked list
    class Node{
        int data;
        Node previous;
        Node next;
        public Node(int data) {
            this.data = data;
        }
    }
    int size = 0;
    //Represent the head and tail of the doubly linked list
    Node head, tail = null;
    //addNode() will add a node to the list
    public void addNode(int data) {
        //Create a new node
        Node newNode = new Node(data);
        //if list is empty
        if(head == null) {
            //Both head and tail will point to newNode
            head = tail = newNode;
            //head's previous will point to null
            head.previous = null;
            //tail's next will point to null, as it is the last node of the list
            tail.next = null;
        }
        else {
            //newNode will be added after tail such that tail's next will point to newNode
            tail.next = newNode;
            //newNode's previous will point to tail
            newNode.previous = tail;
            //newNode will become new tail
            tail = newNode;
            //As it is last node, tail's next will point to null
            tail.next = null;
        }
        //Size will count the number of nodes present in the list
        size++;
    }
    //rotateList() will rotate the list by given n nodes
    public void rotateList(int n) {
        //Initially, current will point to head
        Node current = head;
        //n should not be 0 or greater than or equal to number of nodes present in the list
        if(n == 0 || n >= size)
            return;
        else {
            //Traverse through the list till current point to nth node
            //after this loop, current will point to nth node
            for(int i = 1; i < n; i++)
                current = current.next;
            //Now to move entire list from head to nth node and add it after tail
            tail.next = head;
            //Node next to nth node will be new head
            head = current.next;
            //Previous node to head should be null
            head.previous = null;
            //nth node will become new tail of the list
            tail = current;
            //tail's next will point to null
            tail.next = null;
        }
    }
    //display() will print out the nodes of the list
    public void display() {
        //Node current will point to head
        Node current = head;
        if(head == null) {
            System.out.println("List is empty");
            return;
        }
        while(current != null) {
            //Prints each node by incrementing the pointer.
            System.out.print(current.data + " ");
            current = current.next;
        }
        System.out.println();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        RotateList dList = new RotateList();
        //Add nodes to the list
        dList.addNode(1);
        dList.addNode(2);
        dList.addNode(3);
        dList.addNode(4);
        dList.addNode(5);
        System.out.println("Original List: ");
        dList.display();
        //Rotates list by 3 nodes
        dList.rotateList(3);
        System.out.println("Updated List: ");
        dList.display();
    }
}
输出:
Original List:
1 2 3 4 5
Updated List:
4 5 1 2 3
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