Python语言基础
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Python数据结构

Python 高级链接列表

Python 高级链接列表详细操作教程
我们已经在前面的章节中看到了链表,其中只能向前移动。在本章中,我们将看到另一种类型的链表,其中可以向前和向后移动。这样的链接列表称为双重链接列表。以下是双向链表的功能。
双链表包含一个名为first和last的链接元素。 每个链接包含一个数据字段和两个链接字段,分别称为next和prev。 每个链接都使用其下一个链接与其下一个链接链接。 每个链接都使用其先前的链接与其先前的链接链接。 最后一个链接带有一个空链接,以标记列表的结尾。

创建双向链接列表

我们使用Node类创建一个双向链接列表。现在,我们使用与“单链接列表”中相同的方法,但是除了节点中存在的数据之外,还将使用头指针和下一个指针进行正确分配,以在每个节点中创建两个链接。
# Filename : example.py
# Copyright : 2020 By Lidihuo
# Author by : www.lidihuo.com
# Date : 2020-08-15
class Node:
    def __init__(self, data):
      self.data = data
      self.next = None
      self.prev = None
class doubly_linked_list:
    def __init__(self):
      self.head = None
# Adding data elements
    def push(self, NewVal):
      NewNode = Node(NewVal)
      NewNode.next = self.head
       if self.head is not None:
         self.head.prev = NewNode
      self.head = NewNode
# print the Doubly Linked list
    def listprint(self, node):
       while (node is not None):
         print(node.data),
         last = node
         node = node.next
dllist = doubly_linked_list()
dllist. push(12)
dllist. push(8)
dllist. push(62)
dllist. listprint(dllist.head)
运行结果如下:
62 8 12

插入双链表

在这里,我们将看到如何使用以下程序将节点插入到“双向链接列表”中。该程序使用一种名为insert的方法,将新节点插入到双向链表的开头的第三个位置。
# Filename : example.py
# Copyright : 2020 By Lidihuo
# Author by : www.lidihuo.com
# Date : 2020-08-15
# Create the Node class
class Node:
    def __init__(self, data):
      self.data = data
      self.next = None
      self.prev = None
# Create the doubly linked list
class doubly_linked_list:
    def __init__(self):
      self.head = None
# Define the push method to add elements
    def push(self, NewVal):
      NewNode = Node(NewVal)
      NewNode.next = self.head
       if self.head is not None:
         self.head.prev = NewNode
      self.head = NewNode
# Define the insert method to insert the element
    def insert(self, prev_node, NewVal):
       if prev_node is None:
         return
      NewNode = Node(NewVal)
      NewNode.next = prev_node.next
      prev_node.next = NewNode
      NewNode.prev = prev_node
       if NewNode.next is not None:
         NewNode.next.prev = NewNode
# Define the method to print the linked list
    def listprint(self, node):
       while (node is not None):
         print(node.data),
         last = node
         node = node.next
dllist = doubly_linked_list()
dllist. push(12)
dllist. push(8)
dllist. push(62)
dllist. insert(dllist.head.next, 13)
dllist. listprint(dllist.head)
运行结果如下:
62 8 13 12

追加到双链表

追加到双向链表将在最后添加元素。
# Filename : example.py
# Copyright : 2020 By Lidihuo
# Author by : www.lidihuo.com
# Date : 2020-08-15
"prettyprint notranslate"
>
# Create the node class
class Node:
    def __init__(self, data):
      self.data = data
      self.next = None
      self.prev = None
# Create the doubly linked list class
class doubly_linked_list:
    def __init__(self):
      self.head = None
# Define the push method to add elements at the begining
    def push(self, NewVal):
      NewNode = Node(NewVal)
      NewNode.next = self.head
       if self.head is not None:
         self.head.prev = NewNode
      self.head = NewNode
# Define the append method to add elements at the end
    def append(self, NewVal):
      NewNode = Node(NewVal)
      NewNode.next = None
       if self.head is None:
         NewNode.prev = None
         self.head = NewNode
         return
      last = self.head
       while (last.next is not None):
         last = last.next
      last.next = NewNode
      NewNode.prev = last
      return
# Define the method to print
    def listprint(self, node):
       while (node is not None):
         print(node.data),
         last = node
         node = node.next
dllist = doubly_linked_list()
dllist. push(12)
dllist. append(9)
dllist. push(8)
dllist. push(62)
dllist. append(45)
dllist. listprint(dllist.head)
运行结果如下:
62 8 12 9 45
请注意附加操作的元素9和45的位置。
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