DocumentDB 访问控制
DocumentDB 提供了控制对 DocumentDB 资源的访问的概念。对 DocumentDB 资源的访问由主密钥令牌或资源令牌管理。基于资源令牌的连接只能访问令牌指定的资源，不能访问其他资源。资源令牌基于用户权限。
首先创建一个或多个用户，这些用户是在数据库级别定义的。
然后，根据您希望允许每个用户访问的资源，为每个用户创建一个或多个权限。
每个权限都会生成一个资源令牌，允许对给定资源进行只读或完全访问，并且可以是数据库中的任何用户资源。
在数据库级别定义用户，并为每个用户定义权限。
用户和权限适用于数据库中的所有集合。
让我们看一个简单的例子，我们将在其中学习如何定义用户和权限以在 DocumentDB 中实现细粒度的安全性。
我们将从一个新的 DocumentClient 开始并查询 myfirstdb 数据库。
private static async Task CreateDocumentClient() {
// Create a new instance of the DocumentClient
using (var client = new DocumentClient(new Uri(EndpointUrl), AuthorizationKey)) {
database = client.CreateDatabaseQuery("SELECT * FROM c WHERE c.id =
'myfirstdb'").AsEnumerable().First();
collection = client.CreateDocumentCollectionQuery(database.CollectionsLink,
"SELECT * FROM c WHERE c.id = 'MyCollection'").AsEnumerable().First();
var alice = await CreateUser(client, "Alice");
var tom = await CreateUser(client, "Tom");
}
}
以下是 CreateUser 的实现。
private async static Task<User> CreateUser(DocumentClient client, string userId) {
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("**** Create User {0} in {1} ****", userId, database.Id);
var userDefinition = new User { Id = userId };
var result = await client.CreateUserAsync(database.SelfLink, userDefinition);
var user = result.Resource;
Console.WriteLine("Created new user");
ViewUser(user);
return user;
}
步骤 1-创建两个用户 Alice 和 Tom 就像我们创建的任何资源一样，我们使用所需的 Id 构造一个定义对象并调用 create 方法，在这种情况下我们调用 CreateUserAsync数据库的 SelfLink 和 userDefinition。我们从我们获取新创建的用户对象的资源属性中取回结果。
现在在数据库中看到这两个新用户。
private static void ViewUsers(DocumentClient client) {
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("**** View Users in {0} ****", database.Id);
var users = client.CreateUserQuery(database.UsersLink).ToList();
var i = 0;
foreach (var user in users) {
i++;
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("User #{0}", i);
ViewUser(user);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Total users in database {0}: {1}", database.Id, users.Count);
}
private static void ViewUser(User user) {
Console.WriteLine("User ID: {0} ", user.Id);
Console.WriteLine("Resource ID: {0} ", user.ResourceId);
Console.WriteLine("Self Link: {0} ", user.SelfLink);
Console.WriteLine("Permissions Link: {0} ", user.PermissionsLink);
Console.WriteLine("Timestamp: {0} ", user.Timestamp);
}
步骤 2-针对数据库的 UsersLink 调用 CreateUserQuery 以检索所有用户的列表。然后遍历它们并查看它们的属性。
现在我们必须先创建它们。因此，假设我们希望允许 Alice 对 MyCollection 集合进行读/写权限，但 Tom 只能读取集合中的文档。
await CreatePermission(client, alice, "Alice Collection Access", PermissionMode.All,
collection);
await CreatePermission(client, tom, "Tom Collection Access", PermissionMode.Read,
collection);
第 3 步-创建对 MyCollection 集合资源的权限，因此我们需要为该资源获取一个 SelfLink。
第 4 步-然后为 Alice 创建一个 Permission.All 这个集合，为 Tom 创建一个 Permission.Read 这个集合。
以下是 CreatePermission 的实现。
private async static Task CreatePermission(DocumentClient client, User user,
string permId, PermissionMode permissionMode, string resourceLink) {
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("**** Create Permission {0} for {1} ****", permId, user.Id);
var permDefinition = new Permission {
Id = permId,
PermissionMode = permissionMode,
ResourceLink = resourceLink
};
var result = await client.CreatePermissionAsync(user.SelfLink, permDefinition);
var perm = result.Resource;
Console.WriteLine("Created new permission");
ViewPermission(perm);
}
正如您现在所期望的那样，我们通过为新权限创建一个定义对象来完成此操作，该对象包括一个 Id 和一个权限模式，即 Permission.All 或 Permission.Read，以及资源的 SelfLink这是由许可保护的。
步骤 5-调用 CreatePermissionAsync 并从结果中的资源属性获取创建的权限。
查看创建的权限，下面是ViewPermissions的实现。
private static void ViewPermissions(DocumentClient client, User user) {
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("**** View Permissions for {0} ****", user.Id);
var perms = client.CreatePermissionQuery(user.PermissionsLink).ToList();
var i = 0;
foreach (var perm in perms) {
i++;
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Permission #{0}", i);
ViewPermission(perm);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Total permissions for {0}: {1}", user.Id, perms.Count);
}
private static void ViewPermission(Permission perm) {
Console.WriteLine("Permission ID: {0} ", perm.Id);
Console.WriteLine("Resource ID: {0} ", perm.ResourceId);
Console.WriteLine("Permission Mode: {0} ", perm.PermissionMode);
Console.WriteLine("Token: {0} ", perm.Token);
Console.WriteLine("Timestamp: {0} ", perm.Timestamp);
}
这一次，它是针对用户权限链接的权限查询，我们只是列出为用户返回的每个权限。
让我们删除 Alice 和 Tom 的权限。
await DeletePermission(client, alice, "Alice Collection Access");
await DeletePermission(client, tom, "Tom Collection Access");
以下是 DeletePermission 的实现。
private async static Task DeletePermission(DocumentClient client, User user,
string permId) {
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("**** Delete Permission {0} from {1} ****", permId, user.Id);
var query = new SqlQuerySpec {
QueryText = "SELECT * FROM c WHERE c.id = @id",
Parameters = new SqlParameterCollection {
new SqlParameter { Name = "@id", Value = permId }
}
};
Permission perm = client.CreatePermissionQuery(user.PermissionsLink, query)
.AsEnumerable().First();
await client.DeletePermissionAsync(perm.SelfLink);
Console.WriteLine("Deleted permission {0} from user {1}", permId, user.Id);
}
步骤 6-要删除权限，通过权限 ID 查询以获取 SelfLink，然后使用 SelfLink 删除权限。
接下来，让我们自己删除用户。让我们删除这两个用户。
await DeleteUser(client, "Alice");
await DeleteUser(client, "Tom");
以下是 DeleteUser 的实现。
private async static Task DeleteUser(DocumentClient client, string userId) {
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("**** Delete User {0} in {1} ****", userId, database.Id);
var query = new SqlQuerySpec {
QueryText = "SELECT * FROM c WHERE c.id = @id",
Parameters = new SqlParameterCollection {
new SqlParameter { Name = "@id", Value = userId }
}
};
User user = client.CreateUserQuery(database.SelfLink, query).AsEnumerable().First();
await client.DeleteUserAsync(user.SelfLink);
Console.WriteLine("Deleted user {0} from database {1}", userId, database.Id);
}
步骤 7-首先查询以获取她的 SelfLink，然后调用 DeleteUserAsync 以删除她的用户对象。
以下是我们调用上述所有任务的 CreateDocumentClient 任务的实现。
private static async Task CreateDocumentClient() {
// Create a new instance of the DocumentClient
using (var client = new DocumentClient(new Uri(EndpointUrl), AuthorizationKey)) {
database = client.CreateDatabaseQuery("SELECT * FROM c WHERE c.id =
'myfirstdb'").AsEnumerable().First();
collection = client.CreateDocumentCollectionQuery(database.CollectionsLink,
"SELECT * FROM c WHERE c.id = 'MyCollection'").AsEnumerable().First();
ViewUsers(client);
var alice = await CreateUser(client, "Alice");
var tom = await CreateUser(client, "Tom");
ViewUsers(client);
ViewPermissions(client, alice);
ViewPermissions(client, tom);
string collectionLink = client.CreateDocumentCollectionQuery(database.SelfLink,
"SELECT VALUE c._self FROM c WHERE c.id = 'MyCollection'")
.AsEnumerable().First().Value;
await CreatePermission(client, alice, "Alice Collection Access", PermissionMode.All,
collectionLink);
await CreatePermission(client, tom, "Tom Collection Access", PermissionMode.Read,
collectionLink);
ViewPermissions(client, alice);
ViewPermissions(client, tom);
await DeletePermission(client, alice, "Alice Collection Access");
await DeletePermission(client, tom, "Tom Collection Access");
await DeleteUser(client, "Alice");
await DeleteUser(client, "Tom");
}
}
当上面的代码被编译和执行时，你会收到以下输出。
**** View Users in myfirstdb ****
Total users in database myfirstdb: 0
**** Create User Alice in myfirstdb ****
Created new user
User ID: Alice
Resource ID: kV5oAC56NwA=
Self Link: dbs/kV5oAA==/users/kV5oAC56NwA=/
Permissions Link: dbs/kV5oAA==/users/kV5oAC56NwA=/permissions/
Timestamp: 12/17/2015 5:44:19 PM
**** Create User Tom in myfirstdb ****
Created new user
User ID: Tom
Resource ID: kV5oAALxKgA=
Self Link: dbs/kV5oAA==/users/kV5oAALxKgA=/
Permissions Link: dbs/kV5oAA==/users/kV5oAALxKgA=/permissions/
Timestamp: 12/17/2015 5:44:21 PM
**** View Users in myfirstdb ****
User #1
User ID: Tom
Resource ID: kV5oAALxKgA=
Self Link: dbs/kV5oAA==/users/kV5oAALxKgA=/
Permissions Link: dbs/kV5oAA==/users/kV5oAALxKgA=/permissions/
Timestamp: 12/17/2015 5:44:21 PM
User #2
User ID: Alice
Resource ID: kV5oAC56NwA=
Self Link: dbs/kV5oAA==/users/kV5oAC56NwA=/
Permissions Link: dbs/kV5oAA==/users/kV5oAC56NwA=/permissions/
Timestamp: 12/17/2015 5:44:19 PM
Total users in database myfirstdb: 2
**** View Permissions for Alice ****
Total permissions for Alice: 0
**** View Permissions for Tom ****
Total permissions for Tom: 0
**** Create Permission Alice Collection Access for Alice ****
Created new permission
Permission ID: Alice Collection Access
Resource ID: kV5oAC56NwDON1RduEoCAA==
Permission Mode: All
Token: type=resource&ver=1&sig=zB6hfvvleC0oGGbq5cc67w==;Zt3Lx
Ol14h8pd6/tyF1h62zbZKk9VwEIATIldw4ZyipQGW951kirueAKdeb3MxzQ7eCvDfvp7Y/ZxFpnip/D G
JYcPyim5cf+dgLvos6fUuiKSFSul7uEKqp5JmJqUCyAvD7w+qt1Qr1PmrJDyAIgbZDBFWGe2VT9FaBH o
PYwrLjRlnH0AxfbrR+T/UpWMSSHtLB8JvNFZNSH8hRjmQupuTSxCTYEC89bZ/pS6fNmNg8=;
Timestamp: 12/17/2015 5:44:28 PM
**** Create Permission Tom Collection Access for Tom ****
Created new permission
Permission ID: Tom Collection Access
Resource ID: kV5oAALxKgCMai3JKWdfAA==
Permission Mode: Read
Token: type=resource&ver=1&sig=ieBHKeyi6EY9ZOovDpe76w==;92gwq
V4AxKaCJ2dLS02VnJiig/5AEbPcfo1xvOjR10uK3a3FUMFULgsaK8nzxdz6hLVCIKUj6hvMOTOSN8Lt 7
i30mVqzpzCfe7JO3TYSJEI9D0/5HbMIEgaNJiCu0JPPwsjVecTytiLN56FHPguoQZ7WmUAhVTA0IMP6 p
jQpLDgJ43ZaG4Zv3qWJiO689balD+egwiU2b7RICH4j6R66UVye+GPxq/gjzqbHwx79t54=;
Timestamp: 12/17/2015 5:44:30 PM
**** View Permissions for Alice ****
Permission #1
Permission ID: Alice Collection Access
Resource ID: kV5oAC56NwDON1RduEoCAA==
Permission Mode: All
Token: type=resource&ver=1&sig=BSzz/VNe9j4IPJ9M31Mf4Q==;Tcq/B
X50njB1vmANZ/4aHj/3xNkghaqh1OfV95JMi6j4v7fkU+gyWe3mJasO3MJcoop9ixmVnB+RKOhFaSxE l
P37SaGuIIik7GAWS+dcEBWglMefc95L2YkeNuZsjmmW5b+a8ELCUg7N45MKbpzkp5BrmmGVJ7h4Z4pf D
rdmehYLuxSPLkr9ndbOOrD8E3bux6TgXCsgYQscpIlJHSKCKHUHfXWBP2Y1LV2zpJmRjis=;
Timestamp: 12/17/2015 5:44:28 PM
Total permissions for Alice: 1
**** View Permissions for Tom ****
Permission #1
Permission ID: Tom Collection Access
Resource ID: kV5oAALxKgCMai3JKWdfAA==
Permission Mode: Read
Token: type=resource&ver=1&sig=NPkWNJp1mAkCASE8KdR6PA==;ur/G2
V+fDamBmzECux000VnF5i28f8WRbPwEPxD1DMpFPqYcu45wlDyzT5A5gBr3/R3qqYkEVn8bU+een6Gl j
L6vXzIwsZfL12u/1hW4mJT2as2PWH3eadry6Q/zRXHAxV8m+YuxSzlZPjBFyJ4Oi30mrTXbBAEafZhA 5
yvbHkpLmQkLCERy40FbIFOzG87ypljREpwWTKC/z8RSrsjITjAlfD/hVDoOyNJwX3HRaz4=;
Timestamp: 12/17/2015 5:44:30 PM
Total permissions for Tom: 1
**** Delete Permission Alice Collection Access from Alice ****
Deleted permission Alice Collection Access from user Alice
**** Delete Permission Tom Collection Access from Tom ****
Deleted permission Tom Collection Access from user Tom
**** Delete User Alice in myfirstdb ****
Deleted user Alice from database myfirstdb
**** Delete User Tom in myfirstdb ****
Deleted user Tom from database myfirstdb
